PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the match between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.